Oral mucosal melanoma: clinicopathological analysis and narrative review of a case with heterogeneous clinical presentation

Fabiana da Silva de Oliveira; Paulo Sergio Pina; Jheinis Stefany Pascuineli Duarte; Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado; Norberto Nobuo Sugaya; Celso Augusto Lemos

doi:10.5327/2525-5711.459

Autores

Fabiana da Silva de Oliveira Universidade de São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5324-2695
Paulo Sergio Pina Universidade de São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8205-9935
Jheinis Stefany Pascuineli Duarte Universidade de São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5737-8439
Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado Universidade de São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9708-9608
Norberto Nobuo Sugaya Universidade de São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4966-6295
Celso Augusto Lemos Universidade de São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3372-6719

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/2525-5711.459

Palavras-chave:

Melanoma, Mouth Neoplasms, Gingiva, Mouth floor, Case reports

Resumo

O melanoma mucoso oral é uma neoplasia maligna rara e prejudicial, frequentemente associada ao diagnóstico tardio e prognóstico desfavorável. Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de melanoma mucoso oral localizado em sítio não palatino, envolvendo a gengiva inferior associada ao assoalho bucal, topografia menos frequentemente descrita para essa neoplasia, bem como apresentar uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Paciente do sexo adulto apresentou lesão pigmentada em região de gengiva inferior com extensão para o assoalho bucal. O diagnóstico foi estabelecido por meio de exame histopatológico e imunohistoquímico, confirmando melanoma mucoso oral. Uma revisão da literatura abordou aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e prognósticos do melanoma mucoso oral, com destaque para a influência da localização anatômica e para as particularidades biológicas dessa neoplasia em comparação ao melanoma cutâneo. Conclui-se que o reconhecimento de lesões melanocíticas atípicas em locais menos comuns da cavidade oral é fundamental para o diagnóstico precoce e para o manejo clínico adequado do melanoma mucoso oral.

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